Here are some common components:
Sensor: A sensor is a device that can convert physical or chemical quantities into electrical signals. They are widely used in measurement, control and monitoring systems, such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, photosensitive sensors, etc.
Capacitor: A capacitor is a component that can store charge. It is separated by an insulating material (dielectric) between two conductors. When a voltage is applied to the capacitor, positive and negative charges accumulate between the conductors to form an electric field. Capacitors are often used in circuits such as energy storage, filtering, and coupling.
Inductor: An inductor is a component that stores electromagnetic energy. It consists of one or more coils, and when the current passing through the coil changes, a magnetic field is generated and electrical energy is stored. Inductors are widely used in electronic devices and power supplies, such as transformers, inductive filters, etc.
Resistor: A resistor is a component that can hinder the passage of current. It is made of materials with poor conductivity and consumes power by changing the path of the current and hindering the flow of current. Resistors are often used in applications such as limiting current, voltage division, and voltage stabilization.
Transistor: A transistor is a semiconductor device that has both amplification and switching functions. It consists of three or two layers of semiconductors of different materials, and changes the output signal by controlling the input signal. Transistors are widely used in electronic amplifiers, logic circuits, power supply regulation, etc.
Diode: A diode is a component that allows current to pass in only one direction. It consists of two different types of semiconductor materials, which can effectively conduct or block the current. Diodes are often used in circuits such as rectification, switching, and protection.
